adorn /əˈdɔrn/
v. to decorate; to embellish; to add beauty to (裝飾,修飾;使更為美觀)
【推測詞義】給…添置配備,就是裝配於…。
【衍生詞】adornment n. 裝飾;裝飾品
【常用例句】A diamond necklace adorned Mary’s neck.
adventurous /ədˈvɛntʃərəs/
adj. fond of adventures; risk-taking; rashly daring (愛冒險的,大膽的);full of danger and excitement (充滿危險和刺激的)
【推測詞義】即將發生的事情(things about to come)多是不可預測的,願意承擔這種風險的人,都是「愛冒險的」。
【衍生詞】adventure n. 冒險,投機 adventurer n. 探險家;投機取巧者
advocate v. /ˈædvəˌket/ n. / ˈædvəkɪt /
v. to support idea or cause publicly; to urge publicly; to promote ; to favor; to defend; (擁護,提倡)
n. one who speaks in favor; one who argues publicly for a cause; supporter; proponent; defender (提倡者;擁護者(常用介詞of))
【推測詞義】朝向...說出自己看法的人;向...搖旗吶喊的人→ n. 倡導者,擁護者;v. 提倡,擁護,主張。
【衍生詞】advocacy n. active support for. (提倡)
【常用例句】Advocating for about you believe in is crucial –if you don’t ask for it,people assume you don’t need it.
3.1.2 添加(in addition)
accumulate /əˈkjumjəˌlet/
v. to amass; to heap up by degrees; to grow into a heap by degrees; to aggregate; to collect little by little; to build up; to pile up (堆積,累積;積聚(財產等))
【推測詞義】使越積越多,逐漸地增多。
【衍生詞】accumulation n. deposit; growing collection (堆積;累積;累積物)
3.1.3 逆向(against)
adverse /ədˈvɝs/
adj. negative (不利的,有害的,敵對的);unfavorable; harmful; unlucky; injurious(不利的,不幸的,有害的); inimical; hostile; antagonistic; opposite in ditection; opposing(逆向的,相反的,反對的)
【推測詞義】轉過來對…不利的(turned against),轉而反對的,也就是逆轉向。
【衍生詞】adversary n. 敵人,對手 adversarial adj. 反對的,敵對的
adversity n. difficulties; trouble; misfortune; distress(逆境,不幸);(複數)災禍,苦難
【常用片語】a) be adverse to 反對,不利於
b) adverse circumstauces 逆境
c) adverse trade balance 入境
d) adverse wind 逆風
3.1.4 向上(up)
ascend /əˈsɛnd/
v. to climb; to go up; to rise; to go upward; to rise to a higher point (爬行;攀登;(向高處)上升)
【推測詞義】往上爬,就是攀登,愈爬愈高。
【衍生詞】ascent n. a climbing, especially of a ladder or mountain.(攀登);the act of going up(上升,向上)
3.1.5 附近(near)
adjacent /əˈdʒesənt/
adj. lying near ; bordering; neighboring; contiguous; adjoining; nearby (鄰近的;毗連的;附近的)
【推測詞義】躺在附近的。
【常用片語】a) adjecent towns and villages附近的城鎮和鄉村
b) be adjacent to 接近…
3.2 an- 【Greek】
【來源】否定前綴an- 源自於希臘語,意思是「不(not)、沒有(without)、缺乏(lacking)」。通常添加在源自希臘語的形容詞或名詞之前,構成反義詞。
【變體】
1.在子音前,為維持最佳音節結構(CVCV),刪掉鼻音[n]。
an- → a / ___ + consonant (如adamant)
2.在母音或原先不發音的h之前,保留原有an的型態。
an → an- / ___+ (如anonymous)
abysmal əˈbɪzm!/
adj. deep; immeasurable; bottomless; unfathomable (如深淵般的;深不可測的;無底的)
【推測詞義】沒有底部的
【衍生詞】abysm n. [古,詩]=abyss(深淵;無底洞)
adamant /ˈædəˌmənt/
adj. hard like rock; very hard (堅硬的); inflexible; firm and unyielding; immovable; uncompromising (堅定不移的);obdurate; stubborn; obstinate (固執的)
n. 堅硬無比之物;[古]硬石(指金剛石等)
【推測詞義】不被壓服(或攻克)之物,如鑽石。源於希臘語adamas (the hardest metal,steal),但借自古法語adamaunt (the hardest stone,diamond)。1930年代起常被廣泛用作形容詞,表示「堅硬的」或「如堅石般固執的」等義。
amorphous /əˈmɔrfəs/
adj. without definite shape or form; formless; shapeless (不定形的);lacking a clear structure; vague (無組織的;模糊的)
【推測詞義】沒有形狀的。
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